https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&feed=atom&action=history
IS Families/ISAs1 family - Revision history
2024-03-29T13:05:43Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.34.0
https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&diff=3070&oldid=prev
TnCentral at 12:54, 5 December 2022
2022-12-05T12:54:58Z
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TnCentral at 14:14, 4 December 2022
2022-12-04T14:14:48Z
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TnCentral
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TnCentral at 17:55, 21 March 2022
2022-03-21T17:55:30Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:55, 21 March 2022</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l10" >Line 10:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref> and that of [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref> and that of [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></ref> <ref><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;nowiki&gt</del>;<pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></ref> <ref>;<pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. </div></td></tr>
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TnCentral
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TnCentral at 00:02, 13 August 2021
2021-08-13T00:02:54Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:02, 13 August 2021</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l2" >Line 2:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>IS''As1'' was identified in the fish pathogen ''[[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|Aeromonas salmonicida]]'' <ref name=":0"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>IS''As1'' was identified in the fish pathogen ''[[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|Aeromonas salmonicida]]'' <ref name=":0"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></ref> as insertions into the ''[https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/1238265.html vapA]'' gene which is responsible for the formation of a virulence factor, the [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1869553/ tetragonal paracrystalline surface protein array] (A-layer). Southern blot analysis showed it to be restricted to 2 [[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|''A. salmonicida'']] strains and present in low copy number. The putative [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] transposase was visualized as a 42,000 molecular weight (M(r)) protein <ref name=":0" />. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref> as insertions into the ''[https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/1238265.html vapA]'' gene which is responsible for the formation of a virulence factor, the [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1869553/ tetragonal paracrystalline surface protein array] (A-layer). Southern blot analysis showed it to be restricted to 2 [[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|''A. salmonicida'']] strains and present in low copy number. The putative [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] transposase was visualized as a 42,000 molecular weight (M(r)) protein <ref name=":0" />. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species. There are currently no archaeal members. [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry related terminal '''IRs''' of between 14 and 22 bp [[:File:ISAs1.1.png|(Fig.ISAs1.1]]). A single ''orf'' of between 294 and 376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 and 50% identity. There are several conserved '''D''' and '''E''' residues but no clear C1 domain. The Tpases of this family include a β-strand insertion domain <ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC3107681</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>></ref>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species. There are currently no archaeal members. [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry related terminal '''IRs''' of between 14 and 22 bp [[:File:ISAs1.1.png|(Fig.ISAs1.1]]). A single ''orf'' of between 294 and 376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 and 50% identity. There are several conserved '''D''' and '''E''' residues but no clear C1 domain. The Tpases of this family include a β-strand insertion domain <ref><pubmed>PMC3107681</pubmed></ref>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A second, related IS, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''], was identified in ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio|Vibrio]]'' and is linked to [[wikipedia:Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen|surface layer and O-antigen genes]] <ref name=":0" />. Its putative Tpase of has been visualized using a [[wikipedia:T7_phage|phage T7]] promoter-driven gene <ref name=":2"><pubmed>10708371</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A second, related IS, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''], was identified in ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio|Vibrio]]'' and is linked to [[wikipedia:Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen|surface layer and O-antigen genes]] <ref name=":0" />. Its putative Tpase of has been visualized using a [[wikipedia:T7_phage|phage T7]] promoter-driven gene <ref name=":2"><pubmed>10708371</pubmed></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></ref> and that of [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref> and that of [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>7934896</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>></ref> <ref>&lt;nowiki&gt;<pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></ref> <ref>&lt;nowiki&gt;<pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 IS''Se1'']), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 IS''Se1'']), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16917 RhsB]), C1to C3 ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16918 RhsC]), E ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE]), and min.5 <ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc1 ISEc''1''] to [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc7 ISEc''7''], respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16917 RhsB]), C1to C3 ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16918 RhsC]), E ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE]), and min.5 <ref><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc1 ISEc''1''] to [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc7 ISEc''7''], respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left ('''IRL''') and right '''IRR''' inverted terminal repeats are shown in [http://weblogo.threeplusone.com/ WebLogo] format.|alt=]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left ('''IRL''') and right '''IRR''' inverted terminal repeats are shown in [http://weblogo.threeplusone.com/ WebLogo] format.|alt=]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l25" >Line 25:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 25:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family ([https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] ''<ref name=":1"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family ([https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] ''<ref name=":1"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></ref>''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref>''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></ref>, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] <ref name=":0" /> and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 IS''Se1''] <ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts, although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref>, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] <ref name=":0" /> and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 IS''Se1''] <ref><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts, although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1548 IS''1548''], is also associated with virulence modulation <ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>24760965</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1548 IS''1548''], is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPmar4 IS''Pmar4''], has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>19187199</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>></ref>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPmar4 IS''Pmar4''], has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref><pubmed>19187199</pubmed></ref>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Bibliography==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Bibliography==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td></tr>
</table>
TnCentral
https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&diff=2289&oldid=prev
TnCentral at 00:01, 13 August 2021
2021-08-13T00:01:21Z
<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-marker" />
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:01, 13 August 2021</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l14" >Line 14:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 14:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called IS''Se1''), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 </ins>IS''Se1''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16917 RhsB]), C1to C3 ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16918 RhsC]), E ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE]), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc1 ISEc''1''] to [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc7 ISEc''7''], respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16917 RhsB]), C1to C3 ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16918 RhsC]), E ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE]), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc1 ISEc''1''] to [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc7 ISEc''7''], respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of IS''As1'' family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left (IRL) and right IRR inverted terminal repeats are shown in [http://weblogo.threeplusone.com/ WebLogo] format.|alt=]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 </ins>IS''As1''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">] </ins>family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left (<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>IRL<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>) and right <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>IRR<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' </ins>inverted terminal repeats are shown in [http://weblogo.threeplusone.com/ WebLogo] format.|alt=]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPG2 IS''PG2''] have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":6" /> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> '''DRs'''.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPG2 IS''PG2''] have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":6" /> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> '''DRs'''.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l23" >Line 23:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 25:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family ([https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] ''<ref name=":1"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family ([https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] ''<ref name=":1"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] <ref name=":0" /> and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 IS''Se1''] <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts, although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] <ref name=":0" /> and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 IS''Se1''] <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts, although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1548 IS''1548''], is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1548 IS''1548''], is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></del>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPmar4 IS''Pmar4''], has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>19187199</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPmar4 IS''Pmar4''], has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>19187199</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td></tr>
</table>
TnCentral
https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&diff=2282&oldid=prev
TnCentral at 23:51, 12 August 2021
2021-08-12T23:51:28Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 23:51, 12 August 2021</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l17" >Line 17:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16917 RhsB]), C1to C3 ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16918 RhsC]), E ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE]), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc1 ISEc''1''] to [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc7 ISEc''7''], respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16917 RhsB]), C1to C3 ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16918 RhsC]), E ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE]), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc1 ISEc''1''] to [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc7 ISEc''7''], respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed>&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of IS''As1'' family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left (IRL) and right IRR inverted terminal repeats are shown in WebLogo format <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(Crooks et al., 2004)</del>.|alt=]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of IS''As1'' family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left (IRL) and right IRR inverted terminal repeats are shown in <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[http://weblogo.threeplusone.com/ </ins>WebLogo<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">] </ins>format.|alt=]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPG2 IS''PG2''] have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":6" /> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> '''DRs'''.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] and [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPG2 IS''PG2''] have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":6" /> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> '''DRs'''.</div></td></tr>
</table>
TnCentral
https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&diff=2280&oldid=prev
TnCentral at 23:34, 12 August 2021
2021-08-12T23:34:15Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 23:34, 12 August 2021</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Original Identification and Distribution====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Original Identification and Distribution====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>IS''As1'' was identified in the fish pathogen ''[[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|Aeromonas salmonicida]]'' <ref name=":0"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></nowiki></ref> as insertions into the ''[https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/1238265.html vapA]'' gene which is responsible for the formation of a virulence factor, the [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1869553/ tetragonal paracrystalline surface protein array] (A-layer). Southern blot analysis showed it to be restricted to 2 [[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|''A. salmonicida'']] strains and present in low copy number. The putative IS''As1'' transposase was visualized as a 42,000 molecular weight (M(r)) protein <ref name=":0" />. </del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>IS''As1'' was identified in the fish pathogen ''[[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|Aeromonas salmonicida]]'' <ref name=":0"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There are currently no archaeal members</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IS</del>''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">As1'' family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry related terminal IRs </del>of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">between 14 and 22 bp [</del>[:<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">File:ISAs1</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">png|(Fig</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ISAs1</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1]</del>]). <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">A single </del>''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">orf</del>'' <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of between 294 </del>and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 and 50% identity</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There are several conserved D and E residues but no clear C1 domain</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The Tpases of this family include </del>a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">β-strand insertion domain </del><ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki><pubmed>PMC3107681<</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pubmed></nowiki></ref</del>>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref> as insertions into the ''[https://www.wikigenes</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">org/e/gene/e/1238265</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">html vapA]</ins>'' <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">gene which is responsible for the formation </ins>of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a virulence factor, the </ins>[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">https</ins>:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">//pubmed</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ncbi</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">nlm</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">nih</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">gov/1869553/ tetragonal paracrystalline surface protein array</ins>] <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(A-layer</ins>). <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Southern blot analysis showed it to be restricted to 2 [[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|</ins>''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">A. salmonicida</ins>''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] strains </ins>and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">present in low copy number. The putative [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] transposase was visualized as </ins>a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">42,000 molecular weight (M(r)) protein </ins><ref <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name=":0" </ins>/>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">A second, </del>related <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IS, IS</del>''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1358</del>''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, was identified in </del>''[[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">wikipedia</del>:<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Vibrio</del>|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Vibrio</del>]]'' and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is linked to [[wikipedia:Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen|surface layer </del>and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">O-antigen genes]] <ref name=":0" /></del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Its putative Tpase </del>of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">has been visualized using </del>a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[wikipedia:T7_phage|phage T7]] promoter</del>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">driven gene </del><ref <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name=":2"</del>><pubmed><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">10708371</del></pubmed></nowiki></ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">> and that of ISAs''1'' has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" /</del>>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species. There are currently no archaeal members. [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 IS''As1''] family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry </ins>related <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">terminal </ins>'''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IRs</ins>''' <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of between 14 and 22 bp </ins>[[:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">File:ISAs1.1.png</ins>|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(Fig.ISAs1.1</ins>]]<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">). A single </ins>''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">orf'' of between 294 and 376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 </ins>and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">50% identity. There are several conserved '''D''' </ins>and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''E''' residues but no clear C1 domain</ins>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The Tpases </ins>of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">this family include </ins>a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">β</ins>-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">strand insertion domain </ins><ref<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</ins>><pubmed><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">PMC3107681</ins></pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><nowiki><pubmed>7934896<</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pubmed><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">nowiki><</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ref> <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC1206714<</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pubmed><br </del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></ref> <ref </del>name=<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></nowiki></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|</del>''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Escherichia coli</del>'' <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE</del>], <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for </del>[[wikipedia:<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">RecA</del>|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">RecA</del>]]<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of </del>''[[wikipedia:<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Escherichia_coli</del>|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">E. coli</del>]]<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive </del>of a [<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">https</del>:<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein</del>]<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H</del>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called IS''Se1''), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">A second, related IS</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https:</ins>//<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tncentral.ncc.unesp.br</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ISfinder</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">scripts</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ficheIS.php?</ins>name=<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IS1358 IS</ins>''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1358</ins>''], <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">was identified in ''</ins>[[wikipedia:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Vibrio</ins>|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Vibrio</ins>]]'' <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and is linked to </ins>[[wikipedia:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen</ins>|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">surface layer and O-antigen genes</ins>]] <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref name=":0" /></ins>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Its putative Tpase </ins>of <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">has been visualized using </ins>a [<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[wikipedia</ins>:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">T7_phage|phage T7]</ins>] <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">promoter</ins>-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">driven gene <ref name=":2"><pubmed>10708371</pubmed></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (RhsB), C1to C3 (RhsC), E (RhsE), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed ISEc''1'' to ISEc''7'', respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/nowiki<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref> and that of [https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 ISAs''1''] has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><br /></del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><nowiki><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></nowiki></ref> <ref>&lt;nowiki&gt;<pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called IS''Se1''), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16917 </ins>RhsB<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>), C1to C3 (<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16918 </ins>RhsC<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>), E (<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 </ins>RhsE<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc1 </ins>ISEc''1''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">] </ins>to <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISEc7 </ins>ISEc''7''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>, respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;</ins>/nowiki<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&gt;</ins></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of IS''As1'' family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left (IRL) and right IRR inverted terminal repeats are shown in WebLogo format (Crooks et al., 2004).|alt=]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|620x620px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' '''General IS''As1'' characteristics, average length, and common ends. Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of IS''As1'' family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left (IRL) and right IRR inverted terminal repeats are shown in WebLogo format (Crooks et al., 2004).|alt=]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><br /></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element IS''1358'' and ISPG2 have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":6" /> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> DRs.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 </ins>IS''1358''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">] </ins>and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=</ins>ISPG2 <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IS''PG2''] </ins>have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":6" /> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>DRs<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">It is interesting to note that several members of the family ([https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1358 IS''1358''] ''<ref name=":1"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">It is interesting to note that several members of the family (IS''1358 <ref name=":1"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed><</del>/nowiki<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del></ref>''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/nowiki<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del></ref>, ISAs''1'' <ref name=":0" /> and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ISSe</del>''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1</del>'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;</ins>/nowiki<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&gt;</ins></ref>''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;</ins>/nowiki<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&gt;</ins></ref>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISAs1 </ins>ISAs''1''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">] </ins><ref name=":0" /> and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISSe1 IS</ins>''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Se1</ins>''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">] </ins><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </ins>although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', IS''1548'', is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><</del>/nowiki<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></del></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene ) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=IS1548 </ins>IS''1548''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>, is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;</ins>/nowiki<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&gt;</ins></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, IS''Pmar4'', has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>19187199</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/ISfinder/scripts/ficheIS.php?name=ISPmar4 </ins>IS''Pmar4''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>, has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>19187199</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Bibliography==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Bibliography==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td></tr>
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TnCentral
https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&diff=1650&oldid=prev
TnCentral at 19:11, 13 July 2020
2020-07-13T19:11:07Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:11, 13 July 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l10" >Line 10:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (RhsB), C1to C3 (RhsC), E (RhsE), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed ISEc''1'' to ISEc''7'', respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (RhsB), C1to C3 (RhsC), E (RhsE), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed ISEc''1'' to ISEc''7'', respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref name=":6"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">500x500px</del>|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' General <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ISAs1 </del>characteristics, average length and common ends.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">620x620px</ins>|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' </ins>'''General <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">IS''As1'' </ins>characteristics, average length<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </ins>and common ends. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Top:''' Distribution of IS length (base pairs) of IS''As1'' family members. The number of examples used in the sample is shown above each column. '''Bottom''': Left (IRL) and right IRR inverted terminal repeats are shown in WebLogo format (Crooks et al., 2004).|alt=</ins>]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td></tr>
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TnCentral
https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&diff=1322&oldid=prev
TnCentral at 18:52, 22 June 2020
2020-06-22T18:52:20Z
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:52, 22 June 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l4" >Line 4:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 4:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species. There are currently no archaeal members. IS''As1'' family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry related terminal IRs of between 14 and 22 bp [[:File:ISAs1.1.png|(Fig.ISAs1.1]]). A single ''orf'' of between 294 and 376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 and 50% identity. There are several conserved D and E residues but no clear C1 domain. The Tpases of this family include a β-strand insertion domain <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC3107681</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species. There are currently no archaeal members. IS''As1'' family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry related terminal IRs of between 14 and 22 bp [[:File:ISAs1.1.png|(Fig.ISAs1.1]]). A single ''orf'' of between 294 and 376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 and 50% identity. There are several conserved D and E residues but no clear C1 domain. The Tpases of this family include a β-strand insertion domain <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC3107681</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A second, related IS, IS''1358'', was identified in ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio|Vibrio]]'' and is linked to [[wikipedia:Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen|surface layer and O-antigen genes]] <ref name=":<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">1</del>"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><pubmed>PMC40799<</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pubmed></nowiki></ref</del>>. Its putative Tpase of has been visualized using a [[wikipedia:T7_phage|phage T7]] promoter-driven gene <ref name=":2"><pubmed>10708371</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and that of ISAs''1'' has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A second, related IS, IS''1358'', was identified in ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio|Vibrio]]'' and is linked to [[wikipedia:Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen|surface layer and O-antigen genes]] <ref name=":<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">0</ins>" />. Its putative Tpase of has been visualized using a [[wikipedia:T7_phage|phage T7]] promoter-driven gene <ref name=":2"><pubmed>10708371</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and that of ISAs''1'' has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><nowiki><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></nowiki></ref> <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></nowiki></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called IS''Se1''), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><nowiki><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></nowiki></ref> <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></nowiki></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called IS''Se1''), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (RhsB), C1to C3 (RhsC), E (RhsE), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed ISEc''1'' to ISEc''7'', respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (RhsB), C1to C3 (RhsC), E (RhsE), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed ISEc''1'' to ISEc''7'', respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name=":6"</ins>><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|500x500px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' General ISAs1 characteristics, average length and common ends.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|500x500px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' General ISAs1 characteristics, average length and common ends.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element IS''1358'' and ISPG2 have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">4</del>"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><pubmed>PMC98933<</del>/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pubmed></nowiki></ref</del>> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> DRs.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element IS''1358'' and ISPG2 have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">6</ins>" /> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> DRs.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family (IS''1358 <ref name=":1" />''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />, ISAs''1'' <ref name=":0" /> and ISSe''1'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family (IS''1358 <ref name=":1"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><pubmed>PMC40799<</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pubmed></nowiki></ref</ins>>''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><pubmed>PMC98933<</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pubmed></nowiki></ref</ins>>, ISAs''1'' <ref name=":0" /> and ISSe''1'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', IS''1548'', is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene ) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', IS''1548'', is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene ) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td></tr>
</table>
TnCentral
https://tncentral.ncc.unesp.br/TnPedia/index.php?title=IS_Families/ISAs1_family&diff=1213&oldid=prev
TnCentral at 17:07, 6 June 2020
2020-06-06T17:07:32Z
<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-content" />
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<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:07, 6 June 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Original Identification and Distribution====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Original Identification and Distribution====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>IS''As1'' was identified in the fish pathogen ''[[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|Aeromonas salmonicida]]'' <ref name=":0"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></nowiki></ref> as insertions into the ''[https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/1238265.html vapA]'' gene which is responsible for the formation of a virulence factor, the [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1869553/ tetragonal paracrystalline surface protein array] (A-layer). Southern blot analysis showed it to be restricted to 2 [[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|''A. salmonicida'']] strains and present in low copy number. The putative IS''As1'' transposase was visualized as a 42,000 molecular weight (M(r)) protein <ref name=":0" />. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>IS''As1'' was identified in the fish pathogen ''[[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|Aeromonas salmonicida]]'' <ref name=":0"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></nowiki></ref> as insertions into the ''[https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/1238265.html vapA]'' gene which is responsible for the formation of a virulence factor, the [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1869553/ tetragonal paracrystalline surface protein array] (A-layer). Southern blot analysis showed it to be restricted to 2 [[wikipedia:Aeromonas_salmonicida|''A. salmonicida'']] strains and present in low copy number. The putative IS''As1'' transposase was visualized as a 42,000 molecular weight (M(r)) protein <ref name=":0" />. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species. There are currently no archaeal members. IS''As1'' family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry related terminal IRs of between 14 and 22 bp [[:File:ISAs1.1.png|(Fig.ISAs1.1]]). A single ''orf'' of between 294 and 376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 and 50% identity. There are several conserved D and E residues but no clear C1 domain. The Tpases of this family include a β-strand insertion domain <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC3107681</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are nearly 100 entries for this family in ISfinder from over 50 bacterial species. There are currently no archaeal members. IS''As1'' family members are between 1200 and 1326 bp long and generally carry related terminal IRs of between 14 and 22 bp [[:File:ISAs1.1.png|(Fig.ISAs1.1]]). A single ''orf'' of between 294 and 376 amino acids occupies almost the entire length with between 26 and 50% identity. There are several conserved D and E residues but no clear C1 domain. The Tpases of this family include a β-strand insertion domain <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC3107681</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A second, related IS, IS''1358'', was identified in ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio|Vibrio]]'' and is linked to [[wikipedia:Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen|surface layer and O-antigen genes]] <ref name=":1"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. Its putative Tpase of has been visualized using a [[wikipedia:T7_phage|phage T7]] promoter-driven gene <ref name=":2"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>10708371</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and that of ISAs''1'' has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A second, related IS, IS''1358'', was identified in ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio|Vibrio]]'' and is linked to [[wikipedia:Lipopolysaccharide#O-antigen|surface layer and O-antigen genes]] <ref name=":1"><pubmed>PMC40799</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. Its putative Tpase of has been visualized using a [[wikipedia:T7_phage|phage T7]] promoter-driven gene <ref name=":2"><pubmed>10708371</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and that of ISAs''1'' has been detected in ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|Escherichia coli]]'' [[wikipedia:Min_System|minicells]] <ref name=":0" />. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><nowiki><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></nowiki></ref> <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></nowiki</del>><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></nowiki></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called IS''Se1''), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The family also includes ‘‘H-repeats’’ which form part of several so-called RHS ('''R'''earrangement '''H'''ot '''S'''pot) elements containing another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element ('''H'''inc-'''r'''epeat) (see <ref><nowiki><pubmed>7934896</pubmed></nowiki></ref> <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC1206714</pubmed><br /></ref> <ref name=":3"><pubmed>PMC176749</pubmed></nowiki></ref>). [[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology|''Escherichia coli'' K-12]] contains 5 large repetitions of this type ([https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16916 RhsA] to [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24211 RhsE], scattered around the chromosome with lengths of between 3.7 and 9.6 kb). They represent nearly 1 % of the chromosome and provide homology for [[wikipedia:RecA|RecA]]-dependent rearrangements. These elements are present in many but not all wild-type isolates of ''[[wikipedia:Escherichia_coli|E. coli]]''. The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core orf whose features are suggestive of a [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC98962/#__sec23title cell wall surface ligand-binding protein]. Each Rhs element also contains another repeated sequence, the H-rpt element displaying features of typical insertion sequences (called IS''Se1''), although no transposition activity has yet been detected. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (RhsB), C1to C3 (RhsC), E (RhsE), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed ISEc''1'' to ISEc''7'', respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">�</del>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For the sake of clarity, the H-rpt DNA sequences B (RhsB), C1to C3 (RhsC), E (RhsE), and min.5 <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC204594</pubmed></nowiki></ref>, as well as H-rptF <ref name=":3" />, have been renamed ISEc''1'' to ISEc''7'', respectively ([[General Information/What Is an IS?#Characteristics of insertion sequence families|Table 1. Characteristics of insertion sequence families]]) <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|500x500px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' General ISAs1 characteristics, average length and common ends.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:ISAs1.1.png|center|thumb|500x500px|'''Fig. ISAs1.1.''' General ISAs1 characteristics, average length and common ends.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Mechanism====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element IS''1358'' and ISPG2 have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":4"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> DRs.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Little is known about the transposition properties of this family of elements. However, recent experiments with the ''[[wikipedia:Vibrio_cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]'' element IS''1358'' and ISPG2 have demonstrated that insertion generates 10-bp <ref name=":4"><pubmed>PMC98933</pubmed></nowiki></ref> or 8-bp <ref name=":0" /> DRs.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family (IS''1358 <ref name=":1" />''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />, ISAs''1'' <ref name=":0" /> and ISSe''1'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is interesting to note that several members of the family (IS''1358 <ref name=":1" />''<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />, ISAs''1'' <ref name=":0" /> and ISSe''1'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC205649</pubmed></nowiki></ref>) are associated with cell surface component genes in their respective hosts although this may reflect the interests of the researchers rather than reflecting a specific association.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', IS''1548'', is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><nowiki</del>><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene ) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|Streptococcus agalactiae]]'', IS''1548'', is also associated with virulence modulation <ref><nowiki><pubmed>24760965</pubmed></nowiki></ref> and has been linked to 19 strains associated with [[wikipedia:Neonatal_meningitis|neonatal meningitis]] and [[wikipedia:Endocarditis|endocarditis]] <ref name=":5"><pubmed>31476407</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. It has been reported to impact ''[[wikipedia:Streptococcus_agalactiae|S. agalactiae]]'' in two ways: by inactivating virulence genes such as ''[[wikipedia:Hyaluronidase|hylB]]'' (hyaluronidase ) or ''[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C0T9 cpsD]'' by insertion and by activating the expression of downstream genes such as ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2737970/ lmb]'' (laminin/Zn-binding protein gene ) and ''murB'' ([[wikipedia:Peptidoglycan#Biosynthesis|peptidoglycan biosynthesis]]) <ref name=":5" /><ref><nowiki><pubmed>PMC2875397</pubmed></nowiki></ref>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, IS''Pmar4'', has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>19187199</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another member, IS''Pmar4'', has been implicated in driving transposition of a mosaic element in ''[[wikipedia:Paracoccus|Paracoccus]]'' <ref><nowiki><pubmed>19187199</pubmed></nowiki></ref>.</div></td></tr>
</table>
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